Annotated Bibliography
Refrences
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2010. Childhood Obesity, Retrieved on October 17,
2012. http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/obesity/
States many facts that have occurred in our time related to childhood obesity. Childhood obesity has more than tripled in the past 30 years. The percentage of children aged 6–11 years in the United States who were obese increased from 7% in 1980 to nearly 20% in 2008. Similarly, the percentage of adolescents aged 12–19 years who were obese increased from 5% to 18% over the same period. In 2008, more than one third of children and adolescents were overweight or obese. The CDC defines being overweightas having excess body weight for a particular height from fat, muscle, bone, water, or a combination of these factors. The agency defines obesity as having excess body fat. Overweight and obesity are the result of “caloric imbalance” too few calories expended for the amount of calories consumed and are affected by various genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors. Much of our young generation is succumbing to these factors and falling within these unhealthy balances and standards.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2006). Nutrition and the Health of Young People.
Retrieved on October 17, 2012 http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/nutrition/facts.htm
This source informs us that healthy eating is associated with reduced risk for many diseases, including several of the leading causes of death: heart disease, cancer, stroke, and diabetes. Healthy eating in childhood and adolescence is important for proper growth and development and can prevent health problems such as obesity, dental caries, iron deficiency, and osteoporosis. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and fat-free and low-fat dairy products for persons aged 2 years and older. The guidelines also recommend that children, adolescents, and adults limit intake of solid fats which are major sources of saturated and trans fatty acids, cholesterol, sodium, added sugars, and refined grains. Unfortunately, most young people are not following the recommendations set forth in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Schools are in a unique position to promote healthy eating and help ensure appropriate food and nutrient intake among students. Schools provide students with opportunities to consume an array of foods and beverages throughout the school day and enable students to learn about and practice healthy eating behaviors. Schools should ensure that only nutritious and appealing foods and beverages are provided in school cafeterias, vending machines, snack bars, school stores, and other venues that offer food and beverages to students. In addition, nutrition education should be part of a comprehensive school health education curriculum for example in a Physical Education class.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2010. Prevalence of Obesity Among Children and Adolescents: United
States, Trends 1963-1965 Through 2007-2008. Retrieved on
October 17, 2012 http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/obesity_child_07_08/obesity_child_07_08.htm
There are significant racial and ethnic disparities in obesity prevalence among U.S. children and adolescents. In 2007-2008, the prevalence of obesity was significantly higher among Mexican-American adolescent boys 26.8% than among non-Hispanic white adolescent boys 16.7%. Among girls in the period 2007-2008, non-Hispanic black adolescents 29.2% were significantly more likely to be obese compared with non-Hispanic white adolescents 14.5%. Similarly, non-Hispanic black adolescent girls 16.3% were more likely to be obese compared with non-Hispanic white adolescent girls 8.9% in the period 1988-1994. Healthy People 2010 identified overweight and obesity as 1 of 10 leading health indicators and called for a reduction in the proportion of children and adolescents who are overweight or obese, but the United States has made little progress toward the target goal. Progress toward reducing the national prevalence of overweight and obesity is monitored using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). This is important because as a country we have not made a strive for success we are still cemented in the same obesity levels as before.
Meyer, James E. 2006. Teaching Life-Long Health Skills to Our Kids. Retrieved
on October 18, 2012 from http://www.missourifamilies.org/features/nutritionarticles/nut123.htm
Parents can do many things to protect their kids from ailments that strike typically in middle age and beyond according to research by Tulane University. Childhood is the “window of opportunity” to have an impact on a child’s weight, height, bones and tooth strength. Other diseases have their origins in childhood too. Diseases such as heart disease, high blood pressure and diabetes all can be linked back to poor habits developed during childhood. There are some ideas of how to help protect a child’s health by not mixing food and television, Sitting down to a family meal and Cutting back on sugary drinks like juice. This is important because as children all we want to do is eat all the junk food but we cannot just do that we have to learn what to eat and when to eat it and we learn by example. Who better to lead us in that example then our parents that know what is best for us.
National Initiative for Children’s Healthcare Quality, Childhood Obesity. Retrieved on October
18, 2012 from http://www.nichq.org/childhood_obesity/index.html
NICHQ is committed to childhood obesity prevention. They aim to eliminate the childhood obesity epidemic by working with policy makers, clinical improvement professionals, and healthcare professionals to ensure every child has access to high-quality care through a medical home. Even as early as conception, parents, healthcare providers and leaders can take steps during prenatal care to keep children fit and on track for a healthy future. It is organizations like these that we need. More involvement will create a wide spread and influence more people to commit towards fighting against obesity validating its importance.
Racial/ethnic differences in early-life risk factors for childhood obesity. E.M. Taveras, et al.
Pediatrics, 125(4): 686-695. 2010
There are many factors that play into whether a child will become obese. Most of the time it is due to lack of physical activity but there are key features such as where you come from and what your race/ethnicity is. If you are from a wealthy family and like to buy a lot of junk food or fast food then you are more at risk to become unhealthily overweight. If you are poorer and come from a minority in some cases you eat the bare minimum which keeps you below the overweight line. This is an important factor to take into consideration.
Rellergert, Linda. 2006. Number of Overweight Youth a Concern. Retrieved on October 18, 2012
from http://www.missourifamilies.org/features/nutritionarticles/nut33.htm
We are informed that the number of overweight children in the United States continues to climb sharply, according to initial results of the latest National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Children today are less active than in earlier times. Few children walk or ride bikes to school or play outside when school is over. Several studies have shown that the more time spent watching television, the greater the risk of becoming overweight. In addition to being less active itself, TV watching also seems to lead to more snacking and to actually reduce metabolism. This is one of the most important factors in childhood obesity. Children do not want to play outside anymore that era has long passed there are only a handful that still play physically outside. This is important because we need to change this or find a way to interact kids in a healthy physical manner.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services: Weight Control Information Network. 2007.
Statistics Related to Overweight and Obesity. Retrieved on October 18, 2012 from
http://www.win.niddk.nih.gov/statistics/index.htm
Over two-thirds of adults in the United States are overweight or obese, and over one-third are obese, according to data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2006 and 2007–2008. Overweight and obesity are risk factors for diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and other health problems. Since there is no single cause of all overweight and obesity, there is no single way to prevent or treat overweight and obesity that will help everyone. Treatment may include a combination of diet, exercise, behavior modification, and sometimes weight-loss drugs. In some cases of extreme obesity, bariatric surgery may be recommended. Once the disease is there it plans on staying there is no easy way of getting rid of it. We have to plan early and quick that is the importance and the message trying to be conveyed. We must make an early strike to prevent further discourse.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2010. Childhood Obesity, Retrieved on October 17,
2012. http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/obesity/
States many facts that have occurred in our time related to childhood obesity. Childhood obesity has more than tripled in the past 30 years. The percentage of children aged 6–11 years in the United States who were obese increased from 7% in 1980 to nearly 20% in 2008. Similarly, the percentage of adolescents aged 12–19 years who were obese increased from 5% to 18% over the same period. In 2008, more than one third of children and adolescents were overweight or obese. The CDC defines being overweightas having excess body weight for a particular height from fat, muscle, bone, water, or a combination of these factors. The agency defines obesity as having excess body fat. Overweight and obesity are the result of “caloric imbalance” too few calories expended for the amount of calories consumed and are affected by various genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors. Much of our young generation is succumbing to these factors and falling within these unhealthy balances and standards.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2006). Nutrition and the Health of Young People.
Retrieved on October 17, 2012 http://www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/nutrition/facts.htm
This source informs us that healthy eating is associated with reduced risk for many diseases, including several of the leading causes of death: heart disease, cancer, stroke, and diabetes. Healthy eating in childhood and adolescence is important for proper growth and development and can prevent health problems such as obesity, dental caries, iron deficiency, and osteoporosis. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, whole grains, and fat-free and low-fat dairy products for persons aged 2 years and older. The guidelines also recommend that children, adolescents, and adults limit intake of solid fats which are major sources of saturated and trans fatty acids, cholesterol, sodium, added sugars, and refined grains. Unfortunately, most young people are not following the recommendations set forth in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Schools are in a unique position to promote healthy eating and help ensure appropriate food and nutrient intake among students. Schools provide students with opportunities to consume an array of foods and beverages throughout the school day and enable students to learn about and practice healthy eating behaviors. Schools should ensure that only nutritious and appealing foods and beverages are provided in school cafeterias, vending machines, snack bars, school stores, and other venues that offer food and beverages to students. In addition, nutrition education should be part of a comprehensive school health education curriculum for example in a Physical Education class.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2010. Prevalence of Obesity Among Children and Adolescents: United
States, Trends 1963-1965 Through 2007-2008. Retrieved on
October 17, 2012 http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/obesity_child_07_08/obesity_child_07_08.htm
There are significant racial and ethnic disparities in obesity prevalence among U.S. children and adolescents. In 2007-2008, the prevalence of obesity was significantly higher among Mexican-American adolescent boys 26.8% than among non-Hispanic white adolescent boys 16.7%. Among girls in the period 2007-2008, non-Hispanic black adolescents 29.2% were significantly more likely to be obese compared with non-Hispanic white adolescents 14.5%. Similarly, non-Hispanic black adolescent girls 16.3% were more likely to be obese compared with non-Hispanic white adolescent girls 8.9% in the period 1988-1994. Healthy People 2010 identified overweight and obesity as 1 of 10 leading health indicators and called for a reduction in the proportion of children and adolescents who are overweight or obese, but the United States has made little progress toward the target goal. Progress toward reducing the national prevalence of overweight and obesity is monitored using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). This is important because as a country we have not made a strive for success we are still cemented in the same obesity levels as before.
Meyer, James E. 2006. Teaching Life-Long Health Skills to Our Kids. Retrieved
on October 18, 2012 from http://www.missourifamilies.org/features/nutritionarticles/nut123.htm
Parents can do many things to protect their kids from ailments that strike typically in middle age and beyond according to research by Tulane University. Childhood is the “window of opportunity” to have an impact on a child’s weight, height, bones and tooth strength. Other diseases have their origins in childhood too. Diseases such as heart disease, high blood pressure and diabetes all can be linked back to poor habits developed during childhood. There are some ideas of how to help protect a child’s health by not mixing food and television, Sitting down to a family meal and Cutting back on sugary drinks like juice. This is important because as children all we want to do is eat all the junk food but we cannot just do that we have to learn what to eat and when to eat it and we learn by example. Who better to lead us in that example then our parents that know what is best for us.
National Initiative for Children’s Healthcare Quality, Childhood Obesity. Retrieved on October
18, 2012 from http://www.nichq.org/childhood_obesity/index.html
NICHQ is committed to childhood obesity prevention. They aim to eliminate the childhood obesity epidemic by working with policy makers, clinical improvement professionals, and healthcare professionals to ensure every child has access to high-quality care through a medical home. Even as early as conception, parents, healthcare providers and leaders can take steps during prenatal care to keep children fit and on track for a healthy future. It is organizations like these that we need. More involvement will create a wide spread and influence more people to commit towards fighting against obesity validating its importance.
Racial/ethnic differences in early-life risk factors for childhood obesity. E.M. Taveras, et al.
Pediatrics, 125(4): 686-695. 2010
There are many factors that play into whether a child will become obese. Most of the time it is due to lack of physical activity but there are key features such as where you come from and what your race/ethnicity is. If you are from a wealthy family and like to buy a lot of junk food or fast food then you are more at risk to become unhealthily overweight. If you are poorer and come from a minority in some cases you eat the bare minimum which keeps you below the overweight line. This is an important factor to take into consideration.
Rellergert, Linda. 2006. Number of Overweight Youth a Concern. Retrieved on October 18, 2012
from http://www.missourifamilies.org/features/nutritionarticles/nut33.htm
We are informed that the number of overweight children in the United States continues to climb sharply, according to initial results of the latest National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Children today are less active than in earlier times. Few children walk or ride bikes to school or play outside when school is over. Several studies have shown that the more time spent watching television, the greater the risk of becoming overweight. In addition to being less active itself, TV watching also seems to lead to more snacking and to actually reduce metabolism. This is one of the most important factors in childhood obesity. Children do not want to play outside anymore that era has long passed there are only a handful that still play physically outside. This is important because we need to change this or find a way to interact kids in a healthy physical manner.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services: Weight Control Information Network. 2007.
Statistics Related to Overweight and Obesity. Retrieved on October 18, 2012 from
http://www.win.niddk.nih.gov/statistics/index.htm
Over two-thirds of adults in the United States are overweight or obese, and over one-third are obese, according to data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2006 and 2007–2008. Overweight and obesity are risk factors for diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and other health problems. Since there is no single cause of all overweight and obesity, there is no single way to prevent or treat overweight and obesity that will help everyone. Treatment may include a combination of diet, exercise, behavior modification, and sometimes weight-loss drugs. In some cases of extreme obesity, bariatric surgery may be recommended. Once the disease is there it plans on staying there is no easy way of getting rid of it. We have to plan early and quick that is the importance and the message trying to be conveyed. We must make an early strike to prevent further discourse.